Photovoltaic industry introduction and views

First、Introduction to the photovoltaic industry

The photovoltaic industry is an important part of the new energy field, which mainly involves the technology and process of converting solar energy into electricity.

This conversion is mainly achieved through the use of photovoltaic cells based on semiconductor materials such as silicon. Photovoltaic systems generally include photovoltaic panels, inverters, and battery storage and monitoring systems that work together to efficiently convert solar energy into usable electricity.

From the perspective of development history, photovoltaic technology has been initially applied to the space field in the 1950s, and now it has been widely deployed in commercial and residential, and technological progress and cost effectiveness have been significantly improved. At present, the photovoltaic industry has formed a complete industrial chain, including upstream silicon material, silicon wafer production, midstream solar cell and module manufacturing, downstream photovoltaic power plant construction and operation and other links. China has strong competitiveness in solar cell and module manufacturing.

Second, photovoltaic industry status

1. The market scale continues to expand: In 2024, the global PV new installed capacity is expected to reach 430GW-470GW, and the forecast of China's PV new installed capacity is raised to 230GW-260GW. The global PV market is expected to reach $1.5 trillion in 2023, with China accounting for nearly half of the global total.

2. Technological progress has driven down costs: in the past 10 years, the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells has increased from less than 20% to more than 22%, and the production cost has dropped from tens of yuan per watt to about 6 yuan. In the future, the efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cells will be further improved, new battery technologies such as HJT are expected to break through, and the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules will further break through 25%.

3. Policy support: Governments have introduced policies related to the photovoltaic industry to promote the rapid development of the industry. The Chinese government clearly put forward in the 14th Five-Year Plan to vigorously develop the new energy industry, including the photovoltaic industry. In 2024, the national and local governments issued a series of policies covering technological innovation, market expansion, infrastructure construction, land security and many other aspects.

Third, the future trend of photovoltaic industry

1. Market size will continue to expand: With the acceleration of the transformation of the global energy structure, the market size of the photovoltaic industry will continue to expand. According to the forecast of relevant institutions, by 2030, the global photovoltaic new installed capacity will reach 300GW, an average annual growth rate of about 15%.

2. Continuous technological innovation and progress: in the future, the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells will be further improved, and the production cost will continue to decline. At the same time, the intelligent level of the photovoltaic industry will continue to improve, including the development of intelligent manufacturing, intelligent operation and maintenance will further promote the efficient development of the industry. Perovskite, organic solar cells and other third-generation solar cell technology is also continuing to develop, with light, thin and can be prepared into flexible devices and other outstanding advantages, in terms of flexible solar cells and crystalline silicon solar cell applications complementary.

3. Distributed photovoltaic development prospects: Distributed photovoltaic refers to the use of roofs, open Spaces and other idle resources to build small solar power stations. With the gradual improvement of the power system and the improvement of the intelligent level, the development prospect of distributed photovoltaic is very broad.

4. The trend of cross-border integration is obvious: the integration of photovoltaic and construction, transportation, agriculture, fisheries and other fields will create more application scenarios to achieve efficient and comprehensive utilization of land resources.

Fourth, the view of the photovoltaic industry

1. Positive market prospects: With the growing global demand for renewable energy, the photovoltaic industry, as an important part of clean energy, has broad market prospects. Its outstanding advantages such as pollution-free, sustainable and wide distribution make it more and more important in the energy strategy of various countries. The global PV market is expected to grow at an annual rate of about 20% in the coming years.

2. Technological innovation is the key: Technological innovation is the primary factor to promote the development of the photovoltaic industry. In the future, a variety of photovoltaic technologies will develop in tandem, in addition to the continuous breakthrough of perovskite batteries and crystalline silicon battery technology, new technologies such as laminated batteries and quantum dot batteries are also expected to make significant progress. At the same time, intelligent and digital technology will be more widely used in the photovoltaic industry, through advanced means such as big data and artificial intelligence to achieve accurate operation and efficient management of photovoltaic power plants, further reduce the cost of kilowatt-hour electricity, and enhance the market competitiveness of photovoltaic power generation.

3. Policy support is crucial: Policy support provides a solid foundation and a broad stage for the development of the photovoltaic industry. A series of policies issued by the national and local governments not only cover technological innovation, market expansion, but also include infrastructure construction, land security and other aspects. These policies not only reduce the investment costs of enterprises and consumers, improve the economic attractiveness of photovoltaic projects, but also promote the adoption of photovoltaic technology and the development of the industry.

4. Emerging markets have potential: The Middle East, Central Asia, South Asia, Latin America, Africa and other regions are expected to achieve rapid growth on the basis of a low base due to the urgent demand for energy transformation, abundant light resources and low construction costs. These regions will become an important growth point of the photovoltaic market in the future, driving the global demand for photovoltaic installed capacity to continue to rise, providing a broad market space for photovoltaic companies. In summary, the photovoltaic industry, driven by technological progress, policy support and market demand, is ushering in unprecedented development opportunities. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technological innovation and the continuous expansion of the market, the photovoltaic industry will play an increasingly important role in the transformation of the global energy structure.