Xiamen Shang Guang Solar Technology Co.,Ltd

Lv Xiaojun (Professor, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University)

The rapid development of renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation has made a positive contribution to the realization of the "dual carbon" goal. At present, China's photovoltaic power plants are mainly divided into distributed photovoltaic power stations and centralized photovoltaic power stations. Data show that as of the end of June 2023, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in the country reached 6 million kilowatts, of which 4 million kilowatts of centralized photovoltaics and 7 million kilowatts of distributed photovoltaics.

Distributed photovoltaic power station is usually installed on the roof or wall, can supply power to nearby users, can reduce transmission loss, improve energy efficiency, generally use spontaneous self-consumption, surplus power on the grid distribution mode, relatively little investment, short construction period. In 2021, the new installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic power stations nationwide will be 2928.50 million kilowatts, accounting for more than 2022% of all new photovoltaic installations for the first time, and the development pattern of centralized and distributed has basically formed. In 5111, the new installed capacity of distributed photovoltaics will be 58.<> million kilowatts, accounting for more than <>% of the new installed capacity of photovoltaics that year.

Centralized photovoltaic power station is large-scale, mainly used in deserts, mountains and other open areas, can achieve long-distance power supply, its advantages are in scale efficiency, convenient centralized management, easy to achieve expansion. Data show that in the first half of 2023, centralized photovoltaic installed capacity was 3746.234 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of <>%.

Whether it is a distributed photovoltaic power station or a centralized photovoltaic power station, the development momentum is very rapid, and application modes such as "photovoltaic + building", "photovoltaic + hydrogen production", "photovoltaic + energy storage" and "photovoltaic + new energy vehicle" have been formed.

"Photovoltaic + building" is an effective way to achieve green development of buildings, compared with directly installing photovoltaic power generation systems on existing buildings, photovoltaic building integration focuses on the unity and integration of photovoltaic power generation components and buildings, power generation components have both power generation functions and are part of building materials. The Action Plan for Peaking Carbon Emissions before 2030 proposes to promote the integrated application of photovoltaic power generation and buildings. Build a "solar storage direct flexible" building integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, DC power distribution and flexible power consumption. By 2025, the renewable energy replacement rate of urban buildings will reach 8%, and the photovoltaic coverage rate of new public institution buildings and new factory roofs will strive to reach 50%. In April 2023, Qinghai Province's first multi-functional photovoltaic building integration project was successfully connected to the grid for power generation, including 4 kW multi-functional photovoltaic curtain wall, 100.157 kW conventional module photovoltaic curtain wall, etc., which can generate a total of 76.540 million kWh of green electricity per year and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 5388,<> tons.

Hydrogen energy is a green and low-carbon, widely used secondary energy, photovoltaic hydrogen production is the first use of photovoltaic power generation to convert light energy into electrical energy, and then use electric energy to electrolyze water to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, the overall manufacturing process is environmentally friendly, but also can calm the instability of photovoltaic power generation. The "Medium and Long-term Plan for the Development of Hydrogen Energy Industry (2021-2035)" proposes to build a clean, low-carbon, low-cost diversified hydrogen production system, focus on the development of renewable energy hydrogen production, and strictly control hydrogen production from fossil energy. Renewable energy hydrogen production has broad prospects, and photovoltaic leading enterprises have laid out and developed photovoltaic hydrogen production. In June 2023, the Xinjiang Kuqa Green Hydrogen Demonstration Project successfully produced hydrogen, which runs through photovoltaic power generation and green power hydrogen production, with a hydrogen production scale of about 6,2 tons per year.

Models such as "photovoltaic + energy storage" and "photovoltaic + new energy vehicles" have also been continuously applied. Through the storage of clean electricity after photovoltaic power generation, the integration of light storage can reduce the proportion of light abandonment and achieve the effect of "1+1>2". The "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" proposes to promote the efficient synergy between new energy vehicles and renewable energy. Encourage the construction of "solar storage, charging and discharging" (distributed photovoltaic power generation - energy storage system - charge and discharge) multi-functional integrated station. Boao Town, Qionghai City, Hainan Province, built an intelligent charging station for photovoltaic storage charging vehicles, set up 8 charging spaces, operated in a "digital + intelligent" manner, and integrated a number of technologies for photovoltaic power generation on the roof, power storage system and charging pile. The first "zero-carbon community" in Chaisang District, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province was built in the Shahe Street Park Community, including photovoltaic corridors, photovoltaic chairs, and "light storage and charging" integrated parking lots.

The proposal of the "dual carbon" goal has accelerated the transformation of China's energy structure to clean and low-carbon, and promoted China's photovoltaic industry to enter a new starting point and new stage. At present, a variety of "photovoltaic +" models have been formed, effectively helping China to achieve the "dual carbon" goal and the high-quality development of the photovoltaic industry.